{"id":34,"date":"2026-08-18T16:40:15","date_gmt":"2026-08-18T16:40:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shoeleathermagazine.com\/2026\/?p=34"},"modified":"2026-09-09T21:37:18","modified_gmt":"2026-09-09T21:37:18","slug":"onlyfans-has-reignited-a-decades-old-pornography-dispute-but-who-will-win-this-time","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/shoeleathermagazine.com\/2026\/onlyfans-has-reignited-a-decades-old-pornography-dispute-but-who-will-win-this-time\/","title":{"rendered":"OnlyFans has reignited a decades-old pornography dispute. But who will win this time?"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"asx asy asz ata atb xe ww wx paragraph-image\">\n<div class=\"ww wx asw\"><picture><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"cs ou xj c\" role=\"presentation\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:922\/1*H3_AMnJCWuXeLvjy3-p8RA.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"512\" height=\"331\" \/><\/picture><\/div><figcaption class=\"xk bv xl ww wx xm xn z b cr u w\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Image from X3 Expo convention overlaid with anti-porn YouTube thumbnails, anti-porn archival documents from New York Public Library, NyNy Lew\u2019s business card, and OnlyFans logo. Graphic by Bruna Horvath.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p id=\"8d74\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Under the hot Los Angeles sun, hoards of mostly men wrap around the corner of the iconic Hollywood Palladium venue. Some hold manila folders full of photographs, others bundles of red roses. A man drives down West Sunset Boulevard, rolls down his car window, and yells out. \u201cWhat are you guys in line for?\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"2adb\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cIt\u2019s a porn thing,\u201d another man yells back, who had been showing another person in front of him in line the Instagram account of an adult content creator. A short woman threads down the sidewalk holding a cardboard sign with a Bible verse, facing it towards those in line.<\/p>\n<p id=\"1af2\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">These men were lined up for X3 Expo, the largest adult content convention in the world. The two-day event features hundreds of adult content creators ready to meet and greet their fans, sex toy stands, and live screenings of adult films. The black and red decorated walls of Hollywood Palladium house an interior full of barely dressed creators standing by science fair-like cardboard posters, fleshlights designed to mimic the vaginal entries of favored porn stars, and beds with black satin sheets ready for photoshoots with fans.<\/p>\n<p id=\"1fa5\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The creators ranged from people brand new to the industry, to adult entertainment veterans. But all were joined by the same vision: posting adult content online. For creators, events like X3 Expo are beneficial for expanding their network within the industry while also giving them the opportunity to garner new fans and meet preexisting ones.<\/p>\n<p id=\"2c83\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Loud music blasted through overhead speaker systems as attendees shuffled their way through lines of people waiting to talk to and take pictures with creators. On the tables of their displays, creators set up different price points for photos with their autographs, DVDS, stickers, as well as pictures that could be taken right then and there. Around the venue, fans could be seen taking pictures where they held onto creators by their backsides, while others just stopped for a quick chat and a side hug.<\/p>\n<p id=\"f9a4\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">At the event, one of the most famous adult content platforms of the past two decades, PornHub, had its own booth, alongside other platforms that have also grown in popularity, including Fansly and Adult Empire. But in recent years, the popularity of all these sites has been overshadowed by a platform that nearly all creators at the X3 Expo can be found on: OnlyFans.<\/p>\n<p id=\"6a28\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cI had a friend reach out to me, and she was like, \u2018Hey, I\u2019m starting this group. Do you want to be a part of it?\u201d a creator named Bunny Skies said. \u201cThen I hopped right in. My first week on OnlyFans, I made $10k. So I quit my job, and I was like, \u2018Okay, I\u2019m going in full time.\u2019\u201d Skies has now been in the industry for around six years.<\/p>\n<p id=\"02e9\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">But OnlyFans isn\u2019t the typical porn site. In fact, OnlyFans is not an official adult content platform at all, but instead, a paid subscription-based site with content ranging from cooking tutorials to fitness videos. But since its creation in 2016, the site has become a household name in the adult entertainment industry.<\/p>\n<p id=\"2e45\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">On OnlyFans, content can range from live streams, messages, photos, or videos. Creators can then choose how much to charge for their content, with OnlyFans taking 20% of creator earnings. Monthly rates on OnlyFans can be up to $50, but creators can also choose to have a free account and instead offer pay-per-view content.<\/p>\n<p id=\"3c1f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The platform has caught the attention from the public and those outside the industry not only for its celebrity appearances, but for the substantially high word-of-mouth earnings that people have shared they\u2019ve made on OnlyFans. One popular creator named Sophie Rain, has\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/2lZY53Svhqc?si=yX4kZrErykZCUFrn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">previously told CNN<\/a>\u00a0that she made upwards of $100 million on the platform.<\/p>\n<p id=\"6597\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cYou know, everyone loves OnlyFans,\u201d creator Leya Falcon, who has been in the industry for 15 years, said. \u201cThey\u2019re great for talking to fans and everything.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"1648\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Unlike previous iterations of adult content platforms like PornHub, OnlyFans offers something different for creators. On OnlyFans, creators can have more control. Its website states that \u201cOnlyFans creators own 100% of their content.\u201d That differs greatly from other porn site competitors like PornHub, which has faced controversy in the past for\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/magazine\/2022\/06\/20\/the-fight-to-hold-pornhub-accountable\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">containing nonconsensual revenge porn and rape videos<\/a>\u00a0as well as\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/commentisfree\/2020\/dec\/16\/pornhub-untold-damage-pain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">child sexual abuse material<\/a>\u00a0\u2014 often referred to as CSAM.<\/p>\n<p id=\"95e8\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Despite its popularity within and outside the adult entertainment community, not all of its attention has been positive. Since its boom in COVID-19, the platform has grown to be the poster child for all that people think is wrong with the porn industry. This has emerged mostly out of the mention of OnlyFans in\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/2lZY53Svhqc?si=yX4kZrErykZCUFrn\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">political campaigns<\/a>\u00a0and in\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/7_kjWYV0MKU?si=JID4yDJC8Tc30RfP\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">mainstream movies and TV shows<\/a>\u00a0that cast it in a negative light, giving new air to a decades-long debate on the ethics of pornography.<\/p>\n<p id=\"1fcc\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The \u201cSex Wars\u201d of the 1970s \u2014 a moment in the second wave feminist movement that split supporters into pro-porn and anti-porn sides \u2014 seems to have emerged again in the 21st century. The new era of this debate has garnered attention from wide-ranging political and activist groups: radical feminists, free speech advocates, artists, politicians, and right-wing Bible thumpers. OnlyFans has stood out as a clear target to these groups, as it has practically become the public face of the pornography industry.<\/p>\n<p id=\"a949\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">During the Sex Wars, conservatives, who were similarly against pornograpy as some feminists, found themselves overtaking the anti-porn standpoint. Supreme Court rulings like\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.oyez.org\/cases\/1971\/70-73\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Miller v. California<\/a>\u00a0in 1973 \u2014 which established the legal definition of obscenity that is still used in court rulings today \u2014 marked a major win for the conservative side of anti-porn movement. Despite their shared disdain for pornography, their disagreements on almost every single other political belief lead the two groups to not mesh well together. Due to lack of legislative power and a refusal to work with their anti-porn counterparts, feminists who were against pornography saw themselves losing control of the movement.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fd3d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Despite the current criticisms, OnlyFans doesn\u2019t seem to be slowing down any time soon. But as its popularity has continued to grow, the same supporters and critics of the 70s are arising again and are becoming increasingly fervent and divided. But will feminists stand a chance against the increasing conservative takeover this time around?<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wz xa xb xc xd xe ww wx paragraph-image\">\n<div class=\"xf xg dm xh cs xi\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">\n<p><span class=\"dr ds dt ac du dv dw dd dx speechify-ignore\">Press enter or click to view image in full size<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ww wx ard\"><picture><source srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/format:webp\/1*pa_aMmbsxWyKIvTZBf5gig.jpeg 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/format:webp\/1*pa_aMmbsxWyKIvTZBf5gig.jpeg 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/format:webp\/1*pa_aMmbsxWyKIvTZBf5gig.jpeg 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/format:webp\/1*pa_aMmbsxWyKIvTZBf5gig.jpeg 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/format:webp\/1*pa_aMmbsxWyKIvTZBf5gig.jpeg 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/format:webp\/1*pa_aMmbsxWyKIvTZBf5gig.jpeg 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/format:webp\/1*pa_aMmbsxWyKIvTZBf5gig.jpeg 1400w\" type=\"image\/webp\" sizes=\"auto, (min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/1*pa_aMmbsxWyKIvTZBf5gig.jpeg 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/1*pa_aMmbsxWyKIvTZBf5gig.jpeg 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/1*pa_aMmbsxWyKIvTZBf5gig.jpeg 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/1*pa_aMmbsxWyKIvTZBf5gig.jpeg 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/1*pa_aMmbsxWyKIvTZBf5gig.jpeg 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/1*pa_aMmbsxWyKIvTZBf5gig.jpeg 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/1*pa_aMmbsxWyKIvTZBf5gig.jpeg 1400w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" data-testid=\"og\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"cs ou xj c\" role=\"presentation\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1260\/1*pa_aMmbsxWyKIvTZBf5gig.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<figure class=\"wz xa xb xc xd xe ww wx paragraph-image\">\n<div class=\"xf xg dm xh cs xi\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">\n<p><span class=\"dr ds dt ac du dv dw dd dx speechify-ignore\">Press enter or click to view image in full size<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ww wx ard\"><picture><source srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/format:webp\/1*RQflWtvD4jrAVDbDmQhaTQ.jpeg 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/format:webp\/1*RQflWtvD4jrAVDbDmQhaTQ.jpeg 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/format:webp\/1*RQflWtvD4jrAVDbDmQhaTQ.jpeg 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/format:webp\/1*RQflWtvD4jrAVDbDmQhaTQ.jpeg 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/format:webp\/1*RQflWtvD4jrAVDbDmQhaTQ.jpeg 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/format:webp\/1*RQflWtvD4jrAVDbDmQhaTQ.jpeg 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/format:webp\/1*RQflWtvD4jrAVDbDmQhaTQ.jpeg 1400w\" type=\"image\/webp\" sizes=\"auto, (min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/1*RQflWtvD4jrAVDbDmQhaTQ.jpeg 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/1*RQflWtvD4jrAVDbDmQhaTQ.jpeg 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/1*RQflWtvD4jrAVDbDmQhaTQ.jpeg 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/1*RQflWtvD4jrAVDbDmQhaTQ.jpeg 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/1*RQflWtvD4jrAVDbDmQhaTQ.jpeg 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/1*RQflWtvD4jrAVDbDmQhaTQ.jpeg 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/1*RQflWtvD4jrAVDbDmQhaTQ.jpeg 1400w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" data-testid=\"og\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"cs ou xj c\" role=\"presentation\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1260\/1*RQflWtvD4jrAVDbDmQhaTQ.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"525\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"xk bv xl ww wx xm xn z b cr u w\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Booths and tables at X3 Expo in January of 2026. Photos by Bruna Horvath.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"e0f9\" class=\"atc atd re z xo fv ate fw fx fy atf fz ga kq atg kr ky kz ath la lh li ati lj lq atj cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The so-called \u2018Sex Wars\u2019<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wz xa xb xc xd xe ww wx paragraph-image\">\n<div class=\"xf xg dm xh cs xi\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">\n<p><span class=\"dr ds dt ac du dv dw dd dx speechify-ignore\">Press enter or click to view image in full size<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ww wx atk\"><picture><source srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/format:webp\/1*6G3MXcdwm3iXEjm03lgraw.jpeg 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/format:webp\/1*6G3MXcdwm3iXEjm03lgraw.jpeg 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/format:webp\/1*6G3MXcdwm3iXEjm03lgraw.jpeg 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/format:webp\/1*6G3MXcdwm3iXEjm03lgraw.jpeg 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/format:webp\/1*6G3MXcdwm3iXEjm03lgraw.jpeg 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/format:webp\/1*6G3MXcdwm3iXEjm03lgraw.jpeg 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/format:webp\/1*6G3MXcdwm3iXEjm03lgraw.jpeg 1400w\" type=\"image\/webp\" sizes=\"auto, (min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/1*6G3MXcdwm3iXEjm03lgraw.jpeg 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/1*6G3MXcdwm3iXEjm03lgraw.jpeg 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/1*6G3MXcdwm3iXEjm03lgraw.jpeg 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/1*6G3MXcdwm3iXEjm03lgraw.jpeg 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/1*6G3MXcdwm3iXEjm03lgraw.jpeg 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/1*6G3MXcdwm3iXEjm03lgraw.jpeg 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/1*6G3MXcdwm3iXEjm03lgraw.jpeg 1400w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" data-testid=\"og\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"cs ou xj c\" role=\"presentation\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1260\/1*6G3MXcdwm3iXEjm03lgraw.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"673\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"xk bv xl ww wx xm xn z b cr u w\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Andrea Dworkin\u2019s books, \u201cWoman Hating,\u201d \u201cPornography: Men Possessing Women,\u201d and \u201cIntercourse\u201d laid on top of a New York Times article from 1985 on Dworkin and her partner John Stoltenberg. Graphic by Bruna Horvath.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p id=\"25bf\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">John Stoltenberg has digital notifications set up to alert him every time his late partner, Andrea Dworkin, is mentioned somewhere online. \u201cIt runs the gamut from vile contempt to adoration,\u201d Stoltenberg said. \u201c\u2018Please save us Andrea,\u2019 kinds of messages, \u2018please come back,\u2019 \u2014 which I wish, too.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"d435\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Dworkin was known as one of the most prominent and polarizing figures of the so-called \u201cSex Wars\u201d of the 1970s through 1980s \u2014 a flashpoint in second-wave feminism, where supporters stood divided on the topic of pornography. On Dworkin\u2019s side were the \u201canti-porn\u201d feminists, those who argued that the material promoted violence, sexism, and the subjugation of women. Many anti-porn feminists views can understood by a popular phrase adopted by many in the movement, first coined by feminist Robin Morgan: \u201cPornography is the theory, rape is the practice.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"d616\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">On the other side were the \u201cpro-sex\u201d feminists, who argued that banning pornography would impair the ability for women to explore their sexuality and limit them financially.<\/p>\n<p id=\"691c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Stoltenberg had met Dworkin in 1974, when he had walked out of a poetry reading in Greenwich Village because \u201cit had been hateful toward women\u201d and found Dworkin outside, who had left for the same reason, according to a published note he later wrote. That spring, Dworkin would publish her debut nonfiction book \u201cWomen Hating\u201d which made the argument that hatred of women has ruminated throughout the centuries, through art, politics, and history.<\/p>\n<p id=\"71bb\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Stoltenberg, now 81, shivers looking back on the writing process of one of Dworkin\u2019s books, \u201cPornography: Men Processing Women,\u201d published in 1981. The couple feared that readers wouldn\u2019t pick up the book because of its polarizing subject matter. Conservatives didn\u2019t agree with the way Dworkin\u2019s critique of pornography focused on inequality and female exploitation instead of obscenity, pro-sex feminists were critical of Dworkin\u2019s views arguing she didn\u2019t support female sexuality.<\/p>\n<p id=\"8a34\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">At the time, Stoltenberg said the two were living off food stamps and their home was filled with stacks upon stacks of pornographic magazines and VHS tapes that Dworkin was analyzing for her piece of social criticism. She had set out on an ambitious book, which was initially set to be three different installments, but Stoltenberg said that they had run out of money. Dworkin published the book in 1981, and it has since become one of her most recognizable works.<\/p>\n<p id=\"5bcc\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Dworkin became a figurehead for a larger national anti-porn movement. New York Public Library archives show a glimpse of the size and fervor of the anti-porn feminist movement. Women Against Pornography, later renamed to Women Against Violence in Pornography &amp; Media, was one of the largest and most recognizable anti-porn groups, with protest activity ranging from coast to coast. In a WAVPAM pamphlet from 1979, pictures of Dworkin can be seen at a talk along other anti-porn feminists like Adrienne Rich and Susan Brownmiller.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wz xa xb xc xd xe ww wx paragraph-image\">\n<div class=\"xf xg dm xh cs xi\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">\n<p><span class=\"dr ds dt ac du dv dw dd dx speechify-ignore\">Press enter or click to view image in full size<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"ww wx atl\"><picture><source srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/format:webp\/1*YRWWIuDGI_7GXOsEMz37ZQ.jpeg 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/format:webp\/1*YRWWIuDGI_7GXOsEMz37ZQ.jpeg 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/format:webp\/1*YRWWIuDGI_7GXOsEMz37ZQ.jpeg 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/format:webp\/1*YRWWIuDGI_7GXOsEMz37ZQ.jpeg 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/format:webp\/1*YRWWIuDGI_7GXOsEMz37ZQ.jpeg 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/format:webp\/1*YRWWIuDGI_7GXOsEMz37ZQ.jpeg 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/format:webp\/1*YRWWIuDGI_7GXOsEMz37ZQ.jpeg 1400w\" type=\"image\/webp\" sizes=\"auto, (min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:640\/1*YRWWIuDGI_7GXOsEMz37ZQ.jpeg 640w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:720\/1*YRWWIuDGI_7GXOsEMz37ZQ.jpeg 720w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:750\/1*YRWWIuDGI_7GXOsEMz37ZQ.jpeg 750w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:786\/1*YRWWIuDGI_7GXOsEMz37ZQ.jpeg 786w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:828\/1*YRWWIuDGI_7GXOsEMz37ZQ.jpeg 828w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1100\/1*YRWWIuDGI_7GXOsEMz37ZQ.jpeg 1100w, https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1400\/1*YRWWIuDGI_7GXOsEMz37ZQ.jpeg 1400w\" sizes=\"auto, (min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" data-testid=\"og\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"cs ou xj c\" role=\"presentation\" src=\"https:\/\/miro.medium.com\/v2\/resize:fit:1260\/1*YRWWIuDGI_7GXOsEMz37ZQ.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"1144\" \/><\/picture><\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"xk bv xl ww wx xm xn z b cr u w\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Collage of photos from New York Public Library\u2019s Karla Jay papers. Shows pictures from a Women Against Violence in Pornography &amp; Media pamphlet from February of 1979 which highlights a conference on female perspectives on pornography which features speakers like Andrea Dworkin, Adrienne Rich, and Susan Brownmiller. Caption. Graphic by Bruna Horvath.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p id=\"7121\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">WAVPAM hosted what was known as \u201cTake Back the Night\u201d marches, where women would march throughout the night and hand out pamphlets, to reclaim the night time as a time that women could feel safe in. One Women Against Pornography pamphlet shows that over a thousand women had come to just one march in New Haven, Connecticut. Anti-porn feminists also were known for\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1979\/07\/06\/archives\/in-feminists-antipornography-drive-42d-street-is-the-target.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">taking women on tours of red light districts and pornographic bookstores<\/a>, in hopes of educating people about the dangers of pornography.<\/p>\n<p id=\"b9c2\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Anti-porn feminists tried to translate their protest activity into legislation, but often did not find success. In 1983, alongside legal scholar and feminist activist Catharine MacKinnon, Dworkin drafted an anti-porn ordinance in the city of Minneapolis that would allow people who were featured in pornographic content to sue distributors and creators of pornography for sex discrimination. The ordinance was passed by Minneapolis\u2019 city council, but later vetoed by its mayor at the time. A similar law was enacted in Indianapolis, but was later ruled unconstitutional for infringing on first amendment rights to free speech.<\/p>\n<p id=\"a47a\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Despite both anti-porn feminists like Dworkin and pro-sex activists operating under the same sphere of feminism, the two sides were starkly divided against the topic of pornography.<\/p>\n<p id=\"ac23\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Carol Sternhell, a journalism professor at New York University who used to attend Take Back the Night protests and supported WAVPAM, said that she remembers the stark divide between the sides vividly.<\/p>\n<p id=\"c6e7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cIt was over the top,\u201d Sternhell said. \u201cFeminists and everybody wanted some of the same things, like an anti-male violence and equal everything, but it was a bitter fight. In my memory, it was a bitter fight.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"d579\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Sternhell described herself as standing on middle ground when it came to the pornography debate. Some of the figures she favored were\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2006\/11\/10\/arts\/10willis.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Ellen Willis<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2019\/08\/11\/obituaries\/ann-snitow-dies.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Ann Snitow<\/a>, who were also mostly in the middle of the debate but leaned more pro-sex \u2014 meaning that they believed pornography shouldn\u2019t be outlawed nor looked down upon.<\/p>\n<p id=\"4b69\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">On the pro-sex side were well known figures like\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/01\/20\/us\/margo-st-james-dead.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Margo St. James<\/a>, who founded the group COYOTE (Call Off Your Old Tired Ethics), and\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/obituaries\/carol-leigh-activist-coined-term-sex-work-dies-71-rcna57822\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Carol Leigh<\/a>, who legitimized the term \u201csex work.\u201d They looked to legitimize sex work as a respected form of employeement and remove the stigma around prostitution.<\/p>\n<p id=\"8e43\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The pro-sex standpoint emerged from a changing historical moment. With the rise of\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/1960s-counterculture\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">American counterculture<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/second-wave-feminism\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">second wave feminism<\/a>\u00a0in the 1960s, people were looking to expand freedom of sexual expression and push back against traditionalist values. In this cultural backdrop, the pro-sex standpoint flourished.<\/p>\n<p id=\"4687\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The pro-sex feminists also had support from large organizations. The American Civil Liberties Union, or ACLU, was also greatly opposed to the anti-porn movement during the Sex Wars. Dworkin even called the group \u201cexceptionally corrupt\u201d and a handmaiden of the pornographers\u201d in an essay titled, \u201c<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/openyls.law.yale.edu\/server\/api\/core\/bitstreams\/c56f8ce1-fbdf-4b0a-9d3e-712b41238d27\/content\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">The ACLU: Bait and Switch<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"10a9\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The ACLU is still active today and has continued its defense of pornography and those in the adult entertainment industry. The Free Speech Coalition, which was later founded in 1991, has also been a large legal defender of pornography and sex worker rights.<\/p>\n<p id=\"a900\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">But throughout the years, pornography has evolved tremendously then at the height of the Sex Wars. During the 1970s and 80s, pornography existed in the form of photographs, VHS tapes, magazines, and movie houses.<\/p>\n<p id=\"de64\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">By the 2000s, internet pornography began to rise and later proliferate to its current technological state. Despite the growing access to porn at the start of the internet age, the feminist debate died out significantly. But since the recent rise of large platforms like OnlyFans, a great ideological divide on the topic seems to be emerging again.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"5f6c\" class=\"atc atd re z xo fv ate fw fx fy atf fz ga kq atg kr ky kz ath la lh li ati lj lq atj cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The World of OnlyFans<\/h2>\n<p id=\"63cb\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we atm wg wh wi atn wk wl gb ato wn wo pa atp wq wr pc atq wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Fans that sign up for NyNy Lew\u2019s content see her as an adult fantasy. Her pictures and videos, available from anywhere from OnlyFans, to PornHub, to X, show her engaging in anal and oral sex, sometimes with multiple men and women. Fans flood her comments with heart eyes and fire emojis. She calls herself a \u201csquirter\u201d \u2014 the term used to describe when a woman is able to release large amounts of fluid from the urethra from sexual arousal. Lew said she can \u201csquirt\u201d up to seven feet in distance. \u201cI have a really big catalog,\u201d she added. \u201cI have range, and I have aim too.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"dff9\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">But these pictures and videos depict a reality much different from Lew\u2019s day-to-day life. During most of the week, the 36-year-old spends her time caring for someone with dementia. She\u2019s a mother who takes care of her teenage son, who suffers from sickle cell disease, a lifelong blood disorder. She\u2019s an independent creator, meaning she doesn\u2019t work with an agency that can help her organize her schedule, shoot her content, and meet collaborators.<\/p>\n<p id=\"87f0\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cIt\u2019s really hard. I\u2019m still trying to find the best formula,\u201d Lew said. \u201cI am a very strong individual, and content creation can eat you up.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"5e53\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cI try not to let it consume me,\u201d she added. \u201cWhen I did let it consume me, it affected my pockets to the point I needed to go get a job and reset and figure out what I wanted to do \u2014 if I still want to do this or not.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"8f84\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Lew\u2019s introduction to OnlyFans was rocky. Prior to joining the platform, Lew was a dancer and did artistic nude photo shoots. After doing a shoot with a photographer she met off of Instagram, Lew said he posted the pictures of her onto his OnlyFans without her knowing.<\/p>\n<p id=\"0c85\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">She said she didn\u2019t thoroughly read an agreement she signed prior to the photo shoot. But it eventually led her to creating an account of her own, where she posted uncensored photos of herself and her boyfriend at the time.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fd55\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cWhile [the photographer] was shooting me, he\u2019s like, \u2018why don\u2019t you sell your photos?\u2019 and so I signed up for OnlyFans,\u201d Lew said. \u201cHe planted that seed, and then I started putting my uncensored stuff on it for people to see. And I started there being naked, but I didn\u2019t do porn or anything like that.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"fa8a\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">At the start of her OnlyFans career, Lew said she was only making around $50 to $150 a month. But after hearing about the amounts that other creators were making on the platform of up to $50,000 a month, Lew said she began to invest more seriously into her content.<\/p>\n<p id=\"a6f8\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">She said that navigating the industry hasn\u2019t been easy. To help creators that are emerging in the industry, she said that she has been working on a \u201cBible for spicy creators\u201d that aims to teach people \u201chow to swim with the sharks.\u201d Lew said that for herself, she\u2019s had a wide range of negative experiences in the industry, whether it\u2019s been through people she found out could not be trusted or dealing with racism.<\/p>\n<p id=\"f21d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cThis industry is filled with weirdos,\u201d Lew said. \u201cThere are low-level weirdos, and then there are high-level weirdos. So you might be dealing with weirdo level one, and then there\u2019s weirdo level 10.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"8574\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cThere\u2019s big ass names that I dreamed of collabing with, but their names are so bad, their allegations are so horrible and dangerous, that I refuse to put myself in that situation,\u201d Lew said.<\/p>\n<p id=\"36ee\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">For many creators on the platform, building trust can be very difficult. In the past, OnlyFans has been sued for\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcmiami.com\/news\/local\/men-accused-of-sexually-assaulting-teen-posting-footage-to-onlyfans-take-plea-deal\/3302155\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">nonconsensual content being uploaded onto the platform<\/a>. The platform has also had issues with third-party adult content talent management agencies that have emerged, that creators\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/taulersmith.com\/tauler-smith-llp-files-onlyfans-lawsuit-against-unruly-agency\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">have accused of being exploitative<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p id=\"5ee2\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">But those aren\u2019t the only issues creators have with the platform. The reality is that for most sex workers, OnlyFans isn\u2019t their preferred platform, but rather just the most well known one, mostly due to celebrity appearances. Many veterans in the sex industry have begun turning away from it, citing several issues with the platform.<\/p>\n<p id=\"57f3\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">For one, it is very difficult to grow as a OnlyFans creator on the platform alone. In\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/video\/series\/the-economics-of\/onlyfans-ceo-keily-blair-on-building-a-safer-platform-for-adult-content\/AD9970FC-518C-4AF3-B478-DCA716178696\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">an interview with the Wall Street Journal<\/a>, CEO of OnlyFans Keily Blair said that OnlyFans doesn\u2019t operate using a personalized algorithm, unlike other social media sites. This means that fans are only able to find creators using very exact search terms, and aren\u2019t recommended creators. The platform similarly does not host ads on its interface, nor data monetization.<\/p>\n<p id=\"2e7c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cThe only thing you can search for is their username,\u201d Blair said. \u201cAnd the reason for that is actually because we found historically across the internet, that when broad search terms are applied, people can seek to abuse those to promote content that is illegal or harmful or things along those lines, whereas if somebody genuinely wants to subscribe to a creator, they will know their username already, and they\u2019ll be able to find them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"5acb\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">This has been an aspect of the platform that has caused issues for creators.<\/p>\n<p id=\"27ab\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cI\u2019m not gonna lie, OnlyFans are starting to lose me. They don\u2019t give you no traffic,\u201d Lew said. \u201cIt\u2019s only popular because people hyped it up. But how are people gonna find you? OnlyFans is still like a good platform to make money on, but that\u2019s if you\u2019re busting your ass and putting in the work, especially if you\u2019re a new creator.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"18b9\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">When asked about what keeps her going in the industry, the answer is simple.<\/p>\n<p id=\"32d7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cThe reward, I am addicted to it,\u201d Lew said. \u201cIf I post something and get good engagement, it just hypes me up to post more and create more content and level up. And money, too.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"c410\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Other creators, like Ally Dua, a 24-year-old NYU student who posts content on OnlyFans, began on the platform for similar reasons. She joined OnlyFans in 2021, when she was about to turn 19. The New Jersey native said that her inner circle took it well and she told her mother right away when she was planning on making her account. She added that she would describe those close to her as supporters of sex workers.<\/p>\n<p id=\"7ccb\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Dua joined OnlyFans at the peak of its popularity. In 2021 alone,\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/s3.eu-west-2.amazonaws.com\/document-api-images-live.ch.gov.uk\/docs\/J3FgaydjuQrwFJkP_nvEUoDeihbFFcG8PNeqtldrKXA\/application-pdf?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&amp;X-Amz-Credential=ASIAWRGBDBV3FBJXM3MW%2F20260426%2Feu-west-2%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&amp;X-Amz-Date=20260426T195519Z&amp;X-Amz-Expires=60&amp;X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEOv%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCWV1LXdlc3QtMiJHMEUCIAxNZ7Ih9duN6MiZfAy6U3LbKJT2D9oauD9%2FobAWB1r4AiEAgT3RmXzbW97%2FlFYFAnYXUPs96v2IU5ckWIz1m%2Bq%2BFDoqigQItP%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARAFGgw0NDkyMjkwMzI4MjIiDKW4hLEp8EhrgUES1CreA60KybLZYpSwNqx4dOynEKvRuXR%2Fc2DtmloT5PlcVlyEykuC%2FlMfyEz5Nn1q%2Fs8wj765hg65ixuA9ILupc1d2xBTM7FrMq7uro9AjW1KEQ4Eb%2F997Un9isQy1vLu0GR%2BvYDsjKqu%2FrbLHSYR%2BcXKvDUzQ27dAH2xmqDRROB6z%2B1%2BSOlCUaDbEK4NAZxh7WhEnQaMCvC9%2FgzKBSSXpam9jiFZc8P7NMzggKSxaZf8nYSmQ5bboJoI1MMfXZbqiNKaMsIhKNA%2FlhrVyCjz88EKWzTE4qmoBvxGB0F%2FXOMqJhakxqwKy5Z8aE1dpKzz73uTyE3gxzpsFG4R2OGtCwSzwYnj1oR66XzV1XUcwhN%2BLJ0M8w1SqNEtTANAC8h%2F800QnlyMfreXXSZMmnFCqREv%2BcZiXEr7PzVvNc9mQehWoXR8VTxc5G%2Bt4MVjzIj%2B0h1p%2F9ornXChW2TuFm3OBOCpGsO7SSSDYXXcgeXvjgfbeS8vjlRedyPD3LcX2GwJLAT0bBQYCkWwxJyhBybfzusxR5Syt2AE6FqdxTWEdul0XC0TPXVo1Es6wSFsP4Tdpy7BAYr4%2FKJOg3HKh2bneoW6LsGkPIoIXcGx8lbZ001UQwXhA8%2BfhdPFtzqK4zY1ECIw67%2B5zwY6pQEOUwz1XqJcrzN9MLIZG3316gpwraMpf3e4afFLcsHutyvswpR6SIrojCKm6KpvmL12AzwbkLNaTt2vbDiX1MSd9M%2Fr%2BqnZA6XUJ90p5b5r7rqZz0j%2B5Tpi5FKz9DwGvcPJ2fao0fLER8I2q%2FE8pa3LReqAeiPzpZeHPEGJxWAOiVWhTII3vLISIVzv5O7zZKag9ySRiDOJIjdT52a160zCzWcHSEI%3D&amp;X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&amp;response-content-disposition=inline%3Bfilename%3D%22companies_house_document.pdf%22&amp;X-Amz-Signature=64e9804aeed529cd9ccb9d6854f6614acf9c27e259ab858edad179002b460195\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">the platform reported in public filings<\/a>\u00a0that it had over 2 million creators and hit over 187 million fans \u2014 a growth of 128% from the previous year.<\/p>\n<p id=\"0e59\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Many creators joined OnlyFans during the pandemic, as it had become difficult for adult entertainers who relied on sex work for their livelihood to continue to work in person, due to quarantine rules. In 2020, the revenue in the stripping industry was\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/world\/us\/strippers-are-back-job-covid-rules-are-hurting-their-pay-2021-05-18\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">estimated to have decreased 17.4%<\/a>, with strip clubs across the country closing due to COVID-19 protocols. Lawsuits began hitting\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.foxbusiness.com\/lifestyle\/nyc-strip-clubs-sue-new-york-state-over-covid-shutdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">states like New York and California<\/a>, alleging that strip clubs were unfairly hit with closures that impacted the livelihoods of their employees while other entertainment venues were still allowed to be open and operating.<\/p>\n<p id=\"dd3a\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">With OnlyFans, many were able to continue to make money in a similar line of work while remaining in the comfort and safety of their own home. Others were able to get access to social interaction that they couldn\u2019t have otherwise.<\/p>\n<p id=\"c122\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cI lived alone and I was touch-starved, you know? And I was like, \u2018I need some attention,\u2019\u201d said a creator named Kaela Luna. \u201cSo I started OnlyFans, started making money that way, and just kind of took it casually, until last year.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"ff87\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">As OnlyFans began to grow throughout 2020 and onwards, notable celebrities started to create accounts. Cardi B joined the platform as a creator in 2021, shortly after the release of her hit song W.A.P, with<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iheart.com\/content\/2022-09-03-see-how-much-top-onlyfans-creators-made-in-2021-cardi-b-blac-chyna-more\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">\u00a0estimates that the rapper may have made over $9 million<\/a>\u00a0from selling content on the platform (not adult content, but rather paid exclusive content). Rapper Iggy Azalea, actress Bella Thorne, as well as singer Lily Allen all later became creators on the platform, with Allen exclusively posting images of her feet. Public financial filings show that the platform had over 4 million creators and over 377 million fan accounts in 2024, growing 24% in fans from the previous year.<\/p>\n<p id=\"8f8d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">All this combined with the promise of potential high earnings, creators were hooked.<\/p>\n<p id=\"a30d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cSomething that was super attractive was the money,\u201d Dua said. \u201cAt that point, I had already been selling explicit photos, but using primarily Snapchat for that business. It was Snapchat and CashApp. With OnlyFans, everything\u2019s right there.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"9628\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">On the platform, Dua said she does not offer any free content. The paywall to access her content was $10 but said she recently changed it to $5. The content on her main feed she describes as not containing anything too revealing. She added that more explicit content is offered as pay-per-view and can range from anything from $15 to $200, depending on what the content is. She said that OnlyFans isn\u2019t her full time job, but rather a \u201chustle.\u201d \u201cA girl got to pay her rent, but a girl got to also eat,\u201d she added.<\/p>\n<p id=\"5ff7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Although she has dabbled with a few other platforms, she said that she enjoys the security that a platform like OnlyFans brings.<\/p>\n<p id=\"3c30\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cI don\u2019t mind OnlyFans taking their 20% I would rather trade that 20% for that security, knowing that OnlyFans is a secure platform, rather than risking my fucking private information being sold,\u201d she said, referring to the amount OnlyFans takes per sale.<\/p>\n<p id=\"508d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Throughout her time on her platform, she has learned that one of the most important aspects of finding success on the platform is building your specific niche and promoting yourself. She said that she recognizes some of the subscribers on her page as people from her high school and people she had gone on dates with, others are just complete strangers.<\/p>\n<p id=\"6ee6\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Aside from the earnings, Dua said she likes to post content on the platform as a form of artistic expression. She added that she doesn\u2019t have a set posting schedule. If there is a day that she feels good in her skin, she\u2019ll take photos and then gradually release them on her page.<\/p>\n<p id=\"aceb\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cThis is my human body, I\u2019ve shared it enough, I\u2019m really not scared of what other people have to say,\u201d Dua said. \u201cI\u2019m in a very unique position being an artist and knowing that I\u2019m not going to pursue a nine-to-five and I\u2019m not going into corporate America where these background checks are gonna crush and destroy my career opportunities. I\u2019m in a field where sexuality is something that very much drives my art.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"aca6\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Despite OnlyFans being known mostly for its adult content, it has tried to change its image. In August of 2021, OnlyFans made an attempt to backstep from adult content, announcing it would be banning sexually explicit material. The CEO of OnlyFans at the time, Tim Stokley,\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/7b8ce71c-a87a-440e-9f3d-58069ca0480b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">told the Financial Times<\/a>\u00a0that the pending ban was meant to appease banks and investors, who were citing \u201creputation risk\u201d when it came to investing in adult content platforms.<\/p>\n<p id=\"4029\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">After the announcement, OnlyFans was struck by massive backlash from adult content creators and users of the platform. The company\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/OnlyFans\/status\/1430499277302816773?s=20\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">later posted onto X<\/a>, formerly known as Twitter at the time, that it would not be going through with the ban. From there, the platform only became more and more popular.<\/p>\n<p id=\"3e69\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">But there are signs that OnlyFans could try to push against its image as an adult entertainment site again.<\/p>\n<p id=\"d8ee\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">In May of 2025,\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/conormurray\/2026\/04\/17\/onlyfans-in-talks-to-sell-minority-stake-at-3-billion-valuation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">OnlyFans was put up for sale<\/a>\u00a0for a whopping $5.5 billion. It still has not been officially bought. Like former Stokely predicted all those years ago, investors have been feeling weary about purchasing the platform.\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/iainmartin\/2026\/03\/26\/inside-the-race-to-sell-onlyfans\/?utm_campaign=ForbesMainTwitter&amp;utm_source=ForbesMainTwitter&amp;utm_medium=social\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Forbes reported<\/a>\u00a0that Architect Capital, a San Francisco-based asset manager and private credit firm, is eyeing acquisition. After OnlyFans owner Leonid Radvinsky\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/conormurray\/2026\/03\/23\/leonid-radvinsky-secretive-porn-entrepreneur-turned-onlyfans-billionaire-dies-at-43\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">abruptly passed away of cancer<\/a>\u00a0in March, the race for the platform\u2019s new owner has become even more pressing.<\/p>\n<p id=\"6063\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Unnamed investors told Forbes that after reviewing the deal, that they saw \u201cwarning signs around slowing growth and risks for the site\u2019s relationships with its biggest creators.\u201d Under the ownership of Architect Capital, the platform would reportedly shift its focus towards less adult content, mirroring its more PG subscription-content competitor Patreon.<\/p>\n<div class=\"xw er xx xy am j es\">\n<div class=\"xz ya yb yc yd e bv\">\n<h2 class=\"ye b yf yg yh yi yj\">Get\u00a0Bruna Horvath\u2019s stories in\u00a0your\u00a0inbox<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"nq e bv\">\n<p class=\"z b cr u w\">Join Medium for free to get updates from\u00a0this\u00a0writer.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"yn yo yp yq yr ys am\">\n<div class=\"yt am es\">\n<div class=\"am yt br bq qj yu yv ei uv yw yx yy yz za zb zc\"><input class=\"zd ca by cb ze zf dx ui cw zg cs\" type=\"text\" value=\"\" placeholder=\"Enter your email\" \/><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ck cz zh ej\">\n<div class=\"yk yl ym\"><button class=\"z b cr u dj zi zj zk zl zm zn bk bl zo zp zq bp bq br bs bt bu bv\">Subscribe<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"zr e\">\n<div class=\"abe abf abg am abh ej dm\"><input class=\"zs zt zu dr hw zv zw zx zy zz aba abb\" checked=\"checked\" type=\"checkbox\" \/><\/div>\n<div class=\"e\">\n<p class=\"z b cr u cv\">Remember me for faster sign in<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"abi e\">\n<div id=\"g-recaptcha\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p id=\"594e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wg wh wi wk wl gb wn wo pa wq wr pc wt wu xy wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Blair told the Wall Street Journal that she was aware of the controversial conversation that OnlyFans has erupted. Although she admitted to sometimes telling a small white lie that she works as a lawyer instead of the CEO of the platform, she said that she welcomes the discussion.<\/p>\n<p id=\"8bcd\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cAs a society, having a better and more open conversation about sexuality is incredibly important. That conversation needs to be age appropriate,\u201d Blair said. \u201cThe reality is that sexuality is part of the human experience. I don\u2019t think people only see things that are sexy on OnlyFans. Look at fashion, perfume, cars, film, Hollywood. I mean to say that this is an OnlyFans issue is not, I think, entirely fair.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"45ad\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Creators have been swept into the controversy of the platform too. But not all feel optimistic about the direction of the conversation, nor the future of sex work and OnlyFans.<\/p>\n<p id=\"6fe7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cIt looks like there\u2019s more acceptance of OnlyFans after the pandemic and all that, like \u2018oh, everyone has OnlyFans,\u201d but no, people still view anyone in any form of sex work \u2014 porn OnlyFans, stripping, any of that \u2014 as less than human,\u201d Falcon said.<\/p>\n<p id=\"2007\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cYou can win the Nobel Peace Prize as a porn star and people will still be like, \u2018No, you deserve to die.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"5ab2\" class=\"atc atd re z xo fv ate fw fx fy atf fz ga kq atg kr ky kz ath la lh li ati lj lq atj cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The Rebirth of the Feminist Pornography Debate<\/h2>\n<p id=\"f5a7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we atm wg wh wi atn wk wl gb ato wn wo pa atp wq wr pc atq wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Sternhell has taught an undergraduate class at NYU titled, \u201cWomen and the Media\u201d for several years. One of her lessons is specifically focused on pornography and the arguments for and against it that arose during the Sex Wars. She said that she has watched her students\u2019 perspective on pornography change drastically in the last few years.<\/p>\n<p id=\"4e69\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cThis year, I felt there was more criticism \u2014 maybe the last few years \u2014 since [pornography has] been so much on the internet,\u201d she said. \u201cFor a while, my students were all on the libertarian side. I think that\u2019s moved some, [but] not very many people are happy. Nobody was saying, in fact, it\u2019s great that porn is everywhere. Nobody was saying that.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"c6f7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">On a Thursday in the middle of March, students in Sternhell\u2019s class shared what they thought of the current state of pornography. Many shared the same concerns about pornographic content. Students expressed that they believed pornography that they\u2019ve heard of and have encountered as grotesquely extreme and seemingly omnipresent, accessible from just one wrong click on a sketchy pirating site. One student said that in pornography, women are \u201cnot being treated as a person,\u201d another added that pornography was fundamentally misogynistic. When it came time to discuss the potential arguments on the pro-sex side, students sat quietly and looked around at one another, seemingly waiting to see who would be able to break the silence.<\/p>\n<p id=\"996b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">But the anti-porn conversation extends beyond Sternhell\u2019s classroom. Trinity College Dublin\u2019s philosophical society hosts a weekly debate. In 2025, the students\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=cbuGuil8CrYx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">hosted a debate focused on the rise of OnlyFans<\/a>, where speakers brought up similar concerns and echoed the same points popularized by anti-porn feminists like Dworkin.<\/p>\n<p id=\"66d3\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cOnline pornography is violent, without exception,\u201d said Harper Alderson, a student at Trinity College Dublin. \u201cOnline pornography legitimizes rape by packaging it as sex. I regret the rise of OnlyFans because it has contributed to the proliferation of online pornography and normalized pornographic sex.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"5c41\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">She pointed out issues with the fact that the top creators on the platform must rely on building a social media presence, which has made the profession more palatable and glamourized.<\/p>\n<p id=\"9fd8\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cThe language of porn changed when OnlyFans came into the mainstream. It changed from sex work to content creation and performers to entrepreneurs,\u201d Alderson said. \u201cThis rebranding made porn culturally palatable, and it uses influencer logic. Porn was previously treated as a shadow economy, and it is now financially and socially integrated into Silicon Valley\u2019s influencer capitalism.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"ce30\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">At large, a new anti-porn wave seems to be catching on. Earlier this year, two publishing houses, Picador and Penguin, reissued three of Dworkin\u2019s most notable books, \u201cPornography: Men Processing Women,\u201d \u201cRight-wing Women,\u201d and \u201cWoman Hating.\u201d The books had been nearly impossible to find prior to the reissuing, as they had been out of print for decades.<\/p>\n<p id=\"abcc\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">On several social media platforms, young users have recently formed communities over Dworkin\u2019s works.\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reddit.com\/r\/fourthwavewomen\/comments\/1eaz0qw\/seems_like_andrea_dworkins_books_are_being\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">On Reddit<\/a>, over 900 users upvoted a post about the reissuing of Dworkin\u2019s books.<\/p>\n<p id=\"990c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">On TikTok, users quote \u201cPornography\u201d and other books that Dworkin has published like, \u201cIntercourse\u201d and \u201cRight-wing women,\u201d and analyze the contemporary treatment of women. One video of a young woman in her car quoting Dworkin\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/t\/ZTrHFwrKA\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">accumulated over 400,000 views<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p id=\"635e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cMe telling unsuspecting men to google \u2018Andrea Dworkin pornography\u2019 when they start talking about watching porn,\u201d text on\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/t\/ZTrCNUsuA\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">another TikTok video<\/a>\u00a0that got 400,000 views, reads.<\/p>\n<p id=\"8ac7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Stoltenberg, Dworkin\u2019s partner, said that to him, the reissuing of Dworkin\u2019s books felt like a vindication and a sign of an emerging new interest in the feminist anti-porn stance. He added that he believes that a large part of why Dworkin\u2019s book, \u201cPornography,\u201d is becoming popular again is because its arguments still stand true with the emergence of digitized pornography.<\/p>\n<p id=\"df1f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cThe meaning of [Pornography], in terms of male power and male identity, is a constant in the pornography that is now available widely in this technologized form,\u201d Stoltenberg said. \u201cIt\u2019s still doing the same thing societally, in terms of maintaining and eroticizing male supremacy.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"efa8\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Figures of Dworkin\u2019s time are beginning to reenter the current conversation surrounding pornography. MacKinnon, who wrote the anti-porn ordinance with Dworkin,\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/09\/06\/opinion\/onlyfans-sex-work-safety.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">published an op-ed in the New York Times<\/a>\u00a0in 2021, where she denounced OnlyFans as a \u201cpimp\u201d and \u201cnot a safe platform for \u2018sex work.\u2019\u201d Most anti-porn feminists denounce the use of the phrase \u201csex work\u201d as they believe it legitimizes sex as a profession.<\/p>\n<p id=\"6340\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Lorna Bracewell, a political science professor at Flagler College, wrote her dissertation in 2012 about the politics of the Sex Wars. She said that when she would bring up the topic of her dissertation during that time, people would look at her \u201cquizzingly.\u201d Now she feels like was just ahead of the curve. In 2021, she got her dissertation published.<\/p>\n<p id=\"0d4e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cThere is a radical feminism renaissance,\u201d Bracewell said, of the reissuing of Dworkin\u2019s book. \u201cI\u2019ve lived through this sort of resurgence of interest, and I was a part of that. I now realize, in retrospect, I was an early adopter.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"91cb\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">For many anti-porn feminists, a clear demand is present. They encourage the adoption of the Nordic Model \u2014 a legislative framework that seeks to regulate prostitution by criminalizing the buyers of services rather than sex workers themselves.<\/p>\n<p id=\"3824\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\"><a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/nordicmodelnow.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Nordic Model Now<\/a>, a UK-based grassroots group, encourages the adoption of the model, and has publicly spoken out against OnlyFans.<\/p>\n<p id=\"3ec9\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cPopular myths suggest that OnlyFans is a harmless, easy way to make lots of money, that it can be sexually empowering for women, and that women can easily maintain control of their content,\u201d a blog post\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/nordicmodelnow.org\/2025\/10\/28\/everything-you-need-to-know-about-onlyfans\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">on the website reads<\/a>. \u201cThese myths lure women into setting up an account, only for them to discover when it is too late that the reality is somewhat different.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"aa16\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Stoltenberg said that MacKinnon is a proponent of the model, and that Dworkin had been as well when she was alive.<\/p>\n<p id=\"a343\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The Nordic Model has been adopted in countries like Sweden, Norway, and Canada. In the U.S., prostitution is illegal in every state except for Nevada. In 2023, Maine\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/msmagazine.com\/2023\/08\/09\/maine-prostitution-laws-women\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">passed two laws that follow the Nordic Model<\/a>, being the first U.S. state to do so.<\/p>\n<p id=\"b550\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">But pro-sex advocates are still fervent despite the recent new interest.<\/p>\n<p id=\"e0d5\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The pro-sex side of the pornography debate still retains many of its organizational supporters from the times of the Sex Wars, and has seen new ones emerge. Aside from the ACLU, which is still active as a pro-sex work legal instuition, more organizations such as the Red Umbrella Fund have arisen as helpful informational and financial hubs for sex workers. The Red Umbrella Fund first began in 2012 and has offered grants to sex work organizations from around the world.<\/p>\n<p id=\"9469\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Smaller sex work advocates are also making their voices heard. Grace Francis is a 25-year-old sex worker based in the United Kingdom who entered the industry when they were a college student. They have grown a following on both\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@ethical.hoes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">TikTok<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/ethicalhoes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">X<\/a>\u00a0under the username ethical.hoes, where they post content related to sex work advocacy and pushes back against anti-porn standpoints.<\/p>\n<p id=\"c00b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">For Francis and other sex work rights activists, there are several things that are at the top of the sex work rights agenda. At the top of the list is opposing the adoption of the Nordic Model, as it has been criticized for being overly victimizing and limiting work opportunities for sex workers. Another top issue is combating internet safety and age verification laws, which\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aclu.org\/news\/civil-liberties\/how-online-censorship-harms-sex-workers-and-lgbtq-communities\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">have also been criticized<\/a>\u00a0for censorship and limiting sex workers\u2019 ability to have discoverable work.<\/p>\n<p id=\"02b9\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Francis said they first became interested in sex work advocacy after entering the industry as a cam girl \u2014 a type of sex work where someone is able to perform carry out sexually explicit activity or conversation via webcam. Like many others, they entered the industry during the pandemic. They were a student at the time and had developed long COVID \u2014 a chronic condition that can impact those who have had COVID-19, often causing debilitating symptoms \u2014 and were looking for ways to be able to continue to live affordably while remaining at home.<\/p>\n<p id=\"5a59\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Francis\u2019 social media accounts first began as a place for sex workers to learn more about the industry and how to navigate issues with things like ensuring STI testing within the industry and safe workplace environments that encourage consent. As their platform grew outside the scope of just adult content creators within the industry and began to reach those who opposed pornography, Francis said they then began tailoring their content to address the debates surrounding the ethics and politics of pornography and the sex work industry.<\/p>\n<p id=\"4381\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cI started realizing that there were bigger conversations that needed to be had now that I was speaking to people who weren\u2019t just other sex workers, who already sort of knew that these things were going on,\u201d Francis said.<\/p>\n<p id=\"4bd8\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Many of Francis\u2019 videos on TikTok are replies to those who push back against their support for sex workers\u2019 rights. They said that they feel that their audience is pretty \u201c50\u201350\u201d in terms of being pro and anti-porn, and that they\u2019ve encountered pushback from both right and left-leaning accounts. They said that in the beginning of their account\u2019s success, they sometimes struggled with responding to anti-porn pushback, but have learned to grow patient with the comments.<\/p>\n<p id=\"5b89\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cWhen I first started, I was angry and I had all of these feelings about all of these things that I\u2019d experienced in the industry that I hadn\u2019t found a way to talk about,\u201d Francis said.<\/p>\n<p id=\"f385\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cI\u2019m not always successful,\u201d they added, speaking to dealing with a divided audience. \u201cBut I think I try to just focus on coming across more educational. I think since I\u2019ve done that, I have also noticed a reflection of that in the comments of more people who are actually understanding and listening to what I have to say, instead of just getting equally angry and defending their position back.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"5d5d\" class=\"atc atd re z xo fv ate fw fx fy atf fz ga kq atg kr ky kz ath la lh li ati lj lq atj cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The Growing Right-Wing Threat<\/h2>\n<p id=\"aa65\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we atm wg wh wi atn wk wl gb ato wn wo pa atp wq wr pc atq wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Nearly 50 years ago, anti-porn feminists found themselves sharing the anti-porn viewpoint with an odd bedfellow, conservatives.<\/p>\n<p id=\"6cac\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">By the early 2000s, anti-porn feminists lost the monument of their movement, which experts attribute to several different reasons. Whether it was because of their refusal to coordinate with their right-wing counterparts or because of their small size failing to help them have any political influence, conservatives were able to overtake the movement.<\/p>\n<p id=\"b347\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">All these years later, it seems like the newfound Sex Wars might not be able to avoid its fated history. Contemporary, high-profile right-wing figures have joined in on the new anti-porn movement and are seeing mild success with their demands.<\/p>\n<p id=\"8fe7\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cSupporters of conservative anti-porn, they\u2019re elected officials. They\u2019re the highest parts of government, and so that has just become so much more powerful than feminist arguments,\u201d said Nancy Whittier, a sociology professor at Smith College who has published several books on the Sex Wars. \u201cI think the feminist critique has kind of shrunk. That doesn\u2019t mean it isn\u2019t still there, but I don\u2019t think it\u2019s as publicly visible.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"2962\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The conservative anti-porn side has the advantage of clear public advocates and legislative influence. In 2023, a\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/receiptmaven\/status\/1719402267537789152?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1719402267537789152%7Ctwgr%5E715872c666db588bbadad028a3d5fed73328ab5a%7Ctwcon%5Es1_c10&amp;ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fmike-johnson-uses-app-alerts-family-porn-covenant-eyes-2023-11\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">clip circulated online<\/a>\u00a0of House Speaker Mike Johnson in which he said that he and his son use a platform called Covenant Eyes, which is meant for monitoring user pornography use. Similar forms of technology, including an upcoming\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/2026\/05\/01\/1136739\/a-new-t-mobile-network-for-christians-aims-to-block-porn-and-gender-related-content\/?utm_source=the_download&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=the_download.unpaid.engagement&amp;utm_term=&amp;utm_content=05-04-2026&amp;mc_cid=a210e57850&amp;mc_eid=1b6dd64d46\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">nationwide cell phone network that blocks pornography from users\u2019 phones<\/a>, are becoming more common.<\/p>\n<p id=\"2a26\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Right-wing influencers like Ben Shapiro and Charlie Kirk have also proudly taken up the \u201canti-porn\u201d title in the past and have encouraged their followers to do the same.<\/p>\n<p id=\"cd71\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201c[Pornography] does result in domestic abuse, broken marriages, and adultery,\u201d Kirk, who founded the right-wing organization Turning Point USA, had said\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=VCcfHA0KUdM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">in an interview with Covenant Eyes Podcast<\/a>\u00a0in 2023, opening up about his own pornography addiction. \u201cThe way the porn industry tries to spin it is like, \u2018Well it\u2019s a release for men to not do those things.\u2019 It\u2019s the opposite, right? It leads to greater and more violent and vile levels of sin.\u201d Kirk\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/09\/10\/us\/politics\/charlie-kirk-dead.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">recently passed away in September of 2025<\/a>\u00a0after he was shot while speaking at a Utah Valley University event.<\/p>\n<p id=\"fbeb\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Unlike anti-porn feminists, anti-porn conservatives oppose pornography usually on the basis of obscenity and the embracing of traditional, and often Christian, values, rather than focusing on exploitative concerns that feminists propose.<\/p>\n<p id=\"4c22\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Republican lawmakers are increasing their push for legislation that seeks to regulate pornography. In May 2025, Sen. Mike Lee (R-Utah) and Rep. Mary Miller (R-Ill.), reintroduced the \u201c<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/119th-congress\/senate-bill\/1671\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">Interstate Obscenity Definition Act<\/a>\u201d into Congress, a proposed bill which aims to redefine obscenity more broadly, which could pave the way for a nationwide ban on pornography.<\/p>\n<p id=\"6473\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cObscenity is not protected by the First Amendment,\u201d Lee\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/SenMikeLee\/status\/1920560824411718009\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">wrote in a X post<\/a>\u00a0about the bill. \u201cBut hazy, unenforceable definitions have allowed pornography companies to infect our society, peddle smut to children, and do business across state lines unimpeded.\u201d But the bill never left the committee.<\/p>\n<p id=\"cc99\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">In Michigan, Republicans\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/detroit\/news\/michigan-republican-bill-aims-to-ban-pornography-online\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">introduced a bill<\/a>\u00a0in September that would ban online pornography. Similarly, the bill similarly failed in making its way through the legislative system.<\/p>\n<p id=\"c808\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Some political figures have even used OnlyFans specifically to argue against pornography as a whole. James Fishback, a Florida gubernatorial candidate, said that if he were to be elected, he would\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/miami\/news\/florida-onlyfans-tax-proposal-james-fishback-sophie-rain\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">impose a 50% \u201csin tax\u201d on income earned by OnlyFans creators<\/a>\u00a0in the state. Creators on the platform, including Rain \u2014 the creator who shared she had made millions on the platform \u2014 pushed back against this proposal.<\/p>\n<p id=\"ba2a\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Experts said that the reason why the new generation of anti-porn conservatives may have more success in their movement is because they\u2019ve been able to find an entry point that has gained the support of lawmakers on both sides of the aisle.<\/p>\n<p id=\"48fa\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Neil Kaplan-Kelly, a postdoctoral teaching fellow at Flagler College, said that in recent years conversations surrounding pornography have shifted away from concerns regarding exploitation, and have begun to focus much more on child safety, which has helped the right-wing anti-porn stance become more popular and widely agreed upon.<\/p>\n<p id=\"e539\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cWhat\u2019s happening is, especially on porn stuff, is that it\u2019s been shifted towards child debates and grooming children, especially as with trans folks and legislating that,\u201d Kaplan-Kelly said.<\/p>\n<p id=\"c56d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Project 2025,\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/static.heritage.org\/project2025\/2025_MandateForLeadership_FULL.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">a 900-page list of objectives<\/a>\u00a0that has become the blueprint for the Trump administration, suggests that pornography \u201cshould be outlawed\u201d and its producers and distributors \u201cshould be imprisoned.\u201d The document, when speaking on pornography, similarly puts an emphasis on child safety concerns, arguing that \u201cchildren suffer the toxic normalization of transgenderism with drag queens and pornography invading their school libraries.\u201d The tie between pornography and the LGBTQ+ community could then have collateral damage for the queer community if pornography were to be banned.<\/p>\n<p id=\"d66d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The focus on children has helped laws that aim to combat or regulate online pornography platforms to have bipartisan support.<\/p>\n<p id=\"1f94\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">In 2021, at the height of OnlyFan\u2019s popularity, over 100 members of Congress on both sides of the aisle\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/wagner.house.gov\/media-center\/press-releases\/congresswoman-ann-wagner-leads-bipartisan-coalition-calling-doj\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">signed a letter demanding that the Department of Justice investigate OnlyFans<\/a>\u00a0for CSAM concerns. Reuters later\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/investigates\/special-report\/onlyfans-sex-children\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">published an in-depth investigation<\/a>\u00a0into the platform and its reports of CSAM in 2024, finding at least 30 cases of child exploitation, citing cases obtained through public records. An OnlyFans spokesperson told Reuters that it immediately removes any suspected CSAM and makes a report to the National Center of Missing and Exploited Children\u2019s CyberTipline.<\/p>\n<p id=\"9405\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Although it is a federal crime to show children pornography, a number of legislators have recently attempted to push even further for child safety by\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/internet-age-verification-supreme-court-def346d7bf299566a3687d8c4f224fec\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">introducing age verifications bills<\/a>, which require adult content platforms to verify that their users are above the age of 18. At least 25 states, including Florida, Texas, and Utah, have passed age verification laws. These laws and pending legislation have been largely bipartisan.<\/p>\n<p id=\"15cd\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Those in the sex work industry have argued against the implementation of age verification laws, as many view it as an attempt to censor adult content as a whole. In 2023, when many states began to enact these laws, PornHub\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/Pornhub\/status\/1674774396773318658\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">wrote in an X post\u00a0<\/a>that traffic on its website went down 80% in the state of Louisiana after it had passed its age verification law and brought up concerns with user safety. Privacy experts have also brought up concerns with unsafe data retention when it comes to these laws, as age verification often includes the uploading of government-issued IDs.<\/p>\n<p id=\"4593\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cThese people did not stop looking for porn,\u201d the post reads. \u201cThey just migrated to other corners of the internet that don\u2019t ask users to verify age, that don\u2019t follow the law, that don\u2019t take user safety seriously, and that often don\u2019t even moderate content.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"f297\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">OnlyFans has faced issues when it comes to age verification. In March of 2025, Britain\u2019s media and telecommunications regulator Ofcom\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/technology\/uk-watchdog-fines-onlyfans-operator-14-million-over-age-disclosure-failures-2025-03-27\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">fined OnlyFans around $1.4 million<\/a>\u00a0for failing to disclose how it checked for user age.<\/p>\n<p id=\"d811\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">But the tension isn\u2019t exclusively in the political sphere, it has bled into the cultural realm.<\/p>\n<p id=\"115c\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The HBO TV show\u00a0<em class=\"xp\">Euphoria<\/em>\u00a0has recently made headlines for its inclusion of OnlyFans into its plot and has erupted a conversation about the platform. On the show\u2019s new season, the character of Cassie, played by actress Sydney Sweeney, joins OnlyFans. Clips from the new season have gone viral, showing Sweeney\u2019s character\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thedailybeast.com\/obsessed\/euphoria-creator-breaks-down-sydney-sweeneys-onlyfans-fantasy\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">dressed up as a dog<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.usatoday.com\/story\/entertainment\/tv\/2026\/04\/15\/megyn-kelly-euphoria-sydney-sweeney-sam-levinson\/89633481007\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">even as a baby<\/a>\u00a0to create content for her OnlyFans account.<\/p>\n<p id=\"6af4\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The scenes have caused uproar in its audience, as well as right-wing commentators like Megyn Kelly calling the show \u201csick\u201d and condemning it for \u201csexualizing infancy.\u201d Despite the controversy with the inclusion of OnlyFans in the show,\u00a0<em class=\"xp\">Euphoria<\/em>\u00a0creator Sam Levinson has\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eonline.com\/news\/1430846\/euphorias-sam-levinson-on-sydney-sweeneys-onlyfans-storyline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">stood<\/a>\u00a0behind the decision of incorporating it into the plot.<\/p>\n<p id=\"214d\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">The National Center on Sexual Exploitation, a conservative anti-porn organization,\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/ncose\/status\/2049880574379130900?s=46\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">made a post on X<\/a>\u00a0condemning the Euphoria\u2019s depiction of women, adding that in this new season, \u201cevery female lead is tied to sexual exploitation. OnlyFans, sugar dating, pimping and working at a strip club.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"52e3\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cEven in a culture that generally normalizes and celebrates sex work as empowerment, viewers are starting to question it,\u201d NCOSE social media coordinator Caroline Callicutt said in the video. \u201cThis isn\u2019t freedom, it\u2019s a dark reflection of where our society is heading. Yes, women deserve dignity, respect and agency over their bodies. But exploitation doesn\u2019t become empowerment just because it\u2019s normalized or profitable.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"5c0b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Francis, the UK-based sex worker advocate, said that they believe that a lot of the pushback to OnlyFans comes from misleading portrayals and misunderstandings of the type of content the platform actually houses, naming the depiction of OnlyFans in\u00a0<em class=\"xp\">Euphoria<\/em>\u00a0as an example. On OnlyFans, terms related to animals, beastiality \u2014 known as \u201cpet play\u201d or \u201c<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC6746682\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">puppy play<\/a>\u201d in the BDSM community \u2014 or any other phrase insinuating intercourse with animals are\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/onlyguider.com\/blog\/onlyfans-restricted-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">banned on the platform<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p id=\"d59e\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cI kind of see OnlyFans as a very vanilla site, in a way, it doesn\u2019t allow a lot of these like things that people expect to find there,\u201d Francis said. \u201cWhen you think of anti-porn rhetoric, a lot of it\u2019s about choking, or age play, or heavy BDSM, and none of those things are allowed on OnlyFans. But still, you have people repeating these talking points.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"86d8\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">To combat the right-wing hold that has been emerging in the new anti-porn movement, Whittier says that anti-porn feminists today will need to know what they want and find a clear way to meet their goals.<\/p>\n<p id=\"cd2f\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cIt\u2019s hard for movements to organize when they don\u2019t have a clear demand,\u201d Whittier said. \u201cI don\u2019t know what the online equivalent of that would be, but that\u2019s something that could happen,\u201d she added.<\/p>\n<p id=\"10dd\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">In general, clarity is a big issue in the pornography debate as a whole. An immense issue that the pornography debate suffers from, which is seldom addressed with lawmakers, is a lack of information.<\/p>\n<p id=\"dc3b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">At large, the topic of pornography is understudied, leaving many unanswered questions about how it impacts those within and outside the adult entertainment space. This lack of information leads both sides to form opinions that aren\u2019t backed by reputable research, and much more on personal experience.<\/p>\n<p id=\"4dc9\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Researchers at the American Institute for Boys and Men \u2014 a Washington D.C.-based think tank that researches and forms policies related to men \u2014\u00a0<a class=\"bx ph\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=LhNkrn22_yQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener ugc nofollow\">hosted a webinar<\/a>\u00a0that aimed to clarify what is known and unknown about the impact of pornography on men. What they found was that research was incredibly sparse, especially in measuring societal associations with pornography.<\/p>\n<p id=\"15ea\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Shane Kraus, a psychology professor at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas that took part in the webinar, said that there are several gaps when it comes to what is known about the way society consumes pornography, including positive and neutral uses of pornography, uses of pornography in older people and diverse groups, as well as how people build tolerances for content.<\/p>\n<p id=\"221a\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cIt\u2019s very difficult to do this kind of research, because pornography, as mentioned earlier, is very difficult \u2014 no one wants to talk about it, but it\u2019s happening among the youth,\u201d Kraus said. \u201cSo, I think this [means] long term studies with self reports, but also objective measures, looking at tracking people\u2019s behaviors. But again, among diversity, age, race, relationship status. We really need that data.\u201d<\/p>\n<p id=\"b3dc\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">Emily Rothman, a Boston University professor who has done extensive research in pornography use, said she believes previous research into pornography has shown that certain content is harmful for some people in certain contexts, but that people in general aren\u2019t impacted the same way by pornography.<\/p>\n<p id=\"c79b\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">She said that studies that she has done, and others similar, have shown that education about sexually explicit media has helped young people learn how to use pornography in healthier and more beneficial ways.<\/p>\n<p id=\"9030\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cMy team has contributed a couple of papers on that topic, demonstrating that when you engage youth in conversations that feel meaningful to them, that are sort of evidence based, science-driven, non-judgmental, and invite them to engage as sort of partners and critical thinkers that they will and that they absolutely are capable of learning and absorbing information,\u201d Rothman said.<\/p>\n<p id=\"e840\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">But she added that access to this education is lacking. When parents, students, educators, and law makers are all on separate pages, finding agreement on how to form a robust educational system to teach youth about how to engage with adult content will be an ongoing battle.<\/p>\n<p id=\"bda5\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cThere needs to be political will to fund research that will evaluate these programs, and there needs to be school boards who say, \u2018Yes, you can implement that here, and we can test whether it works.\u2019 So that\u2019s another thing that we have to work on,\u201d she added.<\/p>\n<p id=\"2347\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">But as long as the movement stays as divided as it has been, it\u2019s unclear if educational and legislative progress could be achieved. When it comes to the future of the industry and the conversations surrounding it, several creators expressed that they aren\u2019t feeling hopeful.<\/p>\n<p id=\"9410\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201c[Pornography is] just becoming more popular, and people are just mad. This country, and these countries are ran by misogynistic people, so it\u2019s really about control. They don\u2019t want women to have autonomy. They don\u2019t want women to be liberated,\u201d Lew said.<\/p>\n<p id=\"1e22\" class=\"pw-post-body-paragraph wb wc re wd b we wf wg wh wi wj wk wl gb wm wn wo pa wp wq wr pc ws wt wu wv jo cv\" data-selectable-paragraph=\"\">\u201cThey want to have control. They want to stop it. They want to find ways to make it harder. That\u2019s all. It really comes down to it. It\u2019s nothing else.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image from X3 Expo convention overlaid with anti-porn YouTube thumbnails, anti-porn archival documents from New York Public Library, NyNy Lew\u2019s business card, and OnlyFans logo. Graphic by Bruna Horvath. Under the hot Los Angeles sun, hoards of mostly men wrap around the corner of the iconic Hollywood Palladium venue. Some hold manila folders full of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":57,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-34","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-all","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shoeleathermagazine.com\/2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shoeleathermagazine.com\/2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shoeleathermagazine.com\/2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shoeleathermagazine.com\/2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shoeleathermagazine.com\/2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/shoeleathermagazine.com\/2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":60,"href":"https:\/\/shoeleathermagazine.com\/2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34\/revisions\/60"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shoeleathermagazine.com\/2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/57"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shoeleathermagazine.com\/2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shoeleathermagazine.com\/2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shoeleathermagazine.com\/2026\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}